Despite a vast amount of existing research on the American missionary works in the Near East in the 19th century, little is known about the perspective of the Ottoman Greeks in their encounter with American missionaries. This project, which focuses American missionary endeavours among Ottoman Greeks in the late 19th century, centres on the premise that the Ottoman Greeks, under the influence of modern Greek state, forged their own directions in the adaptation of the westernized education; they distinguished themselves from missionaries' model as well as extant role of the schools and utilized education in construction of nationalism, and they saw American school as' significant obstacles in these efforts. Consequently, the project proposes to reveal the perspective of the Ottoman Greeks, and the two-sided nature of the relationship between the missionaries and the Ottoman Greeks, which secularized and modernized both, through a primary examination of hitherto understudied archival sources in Greek, Karamanlidika, which are located at Thessaloniki, Athens, Ankara and Istanbul. It, therefore, intends to reveal the dynamics behind the complex relations between Ottoman Greeks and the missionaries in the age of nationalism.